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A written text may be clearly felt by a
Blind
reader through
the
different solutions all revolving around
the
basic idea introduced by Braille at
the
beginning of
the
century. This technique, in reality, is only a translitteration of
the
original textwhere
the
printed letters are trans
for
med in an equivalent sign. A braille text can be easily "seen" by a sighted reader and a simple knowledge of
the
new "alphabet" is sufficient to understand
the
text.&&&&&An enormously different set of problem is to make comprehensible an image to a
Blind
reader. In this case
the
original image may be left totally unchanged and
the
only one operation which has to be applied is
the
physical modification of
the
image w hich becomes "readable" through
the
introduction of raised edges which are felt by
the
fingertips of
the
reader. But this operation will be totally impossibile with a picture Англія, a photographic picture, where
the
immense amount of in
for
mation which ca n be easily dealt with by
the
visual system as acomplex local variation of
the
luminance contrast cannot be translated into tactual stimuli. What can be presented to
the
Blind
reader is a "picture" in
the
sense of a graphical representation of an event or an object. This type of object reduces drastically
the
number of lines and makes possibile
the
discriminations between one element and
the
next one. This second line of solution, encounters with a major drawback, however.Under all possible circumstances a drawing rests upon a very complex tangle of representational rules which are only very weakly linked with
the
optical or visual appreareacne of
the
objects in
the
real word. This difficolty, in reality
for
bidding at firts sight had became, quite unespectedly, a strong aaly into this quasi unsoluble problem.
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